We used the ARK tagger to assign POS tags to the English data in the NTS. ARK is a set of tools for Twitter data and has been developed at the Carnegie Mellon University. You can find more information and details about ARK here.
| Tag Set | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| N | common noun (NN, NNS) | books someone |
| O | pronoun (personal/WH; not possessive; PRP, WP) | it you u meeee |
| S | nominal + possessive | books' someone's |
| ^ | proper noun (NNP, NNPS) | lebron usa iPad |
| Z | proper noun + possessive | America's |
| L | nominal + verbal | he’s book’ll iono (= I don’t know) |
| M | proper noun + verbal | Mark’ll |
| V | verb incl. copula, auxiliaries (V*, MD) | might gonna ought couldn’t is eats |
| A | adjective (J*) | good fav lil |
| R | adverb (R*, WRB) | 2 (i.e., too) |
| ! | interjection (UH) | lol haha FTW yea right |
| D | determiner (WDT, DT, WP$, PRP$)i | the teh its it’s |
| P | pre- or postposition, or subordinating conjunction (IN, TO) | while to for 2 (i.e., to) 4 (i.e., for) |
| & | coordinating conjunction (CC) | and n & + BUT |
| T | verb particle (RP) | out off Up UP |
| X | existential there, predeterminers (EX, PDT) | both |
| Y | X + verbal | there’s all’s |
| # | hashtag (indicates topic/category for tweet) | #acl |
| @ | at-mention (indicates another user as a recipient of a tweet) | @BarackObama |
| ~ | discourse marker, indications of continuation of a message across multiple tweets | RT and : in retweet construction RT @user : hello |
| U | URL or email address | http://bit.ly/xyz |
| E | emoticon | :-) :b (: |
| $ | numeral (CD) | 2010 four 9:30 |
| , | punctuation (#, $, '', (, ), ,, ., :, ``) | !!! .... ?!? |
| G | other abbreviations, foreign words, possessive endings, symbols, garbage (FW, POS, SYM, LS) | ily (I love you) wby (what about you) ’s --> awesome...I’m |